Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia

Frederick himself was quite aware of his danger. Things may drag on perhaps till July, but then a catastrophe must come. The failure of the campaign ofwielded by the inept Count Buturlininduced the court of Versailles on the evening of 22 January to present to the court of Saint Petersburg a dispatch to the effect that the king of France, by reason of the condition of his dominions, absolutely desired peace.

The Russian empress's reply was delivered to the two ambassadors on 12 February. It was inspired by the most uncompromising hostility towards the king of Prussia. Elizabeth would not consent to any pacific overtures until the original object of the league had been accomplished. Simultaneously, Elizabeth had conveyed to Louis XV a confidential letter in which she proposed the signature of a new treaty of alliance of a more comprehensive and explicit nature than the preceding treaties between the two powers without the knowledge of Austria.

Elizabeth's object in the mysterious negotiation seems to have been to reconcile France and Great Britain, in return for which signal service France was to throw all her forces into the attack on Prussia. This project, which lacked neither ability nor audacity, foundered upon Louis XV's invincible jealousy of the growth of Russian influence in Eastern Europe and his fear of offending the Porte.

It was finally arranged by the allies that their envoys at Paris should fix the date for the assembling of a peace congress and that in the meantime, the war against Prussia should be vigorously prosecuted. In a Russian flying column briefly occupied Berlin. Russian victories placed Prussia in serious danger. The campaign of was almost as abortive as the campaign of Frederick acted on the defensive with consummate skill, and the capture of the Prussian fortress of Kolberg on Christmas Dayby Rumyantsevwas the sole Russian success.

Frederick, however, was now at the last gasp. On 6 Januaryhe wrote to Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein"We ought now to think of preserving for my nephew, by way of negotiation, whatever fragments of my territory we can save from the avidity of my enemies. Courage, my dear fellow. I have received the news of a great event.

Inthe imperial government at Saint Petersburg ordered a Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia military expedition to conquer the Chukchi and Koryaksbut the expedition failed and its commander, Major Dmitry Pavlutskywas killed in The Empress then changed her tactical approach and established a formal peace with them. Elizabeth's court was one of the most splendid in all Europe.

French plays quickly became the most popular and often were performed twice a week. In tandem, music became very important. Attractive in her youth and vain as an adult, Elizabeth passed various decrees intended elizaveta petrovna wikipedia make herself stand out: she issued an edict against anyone wearing the same hairstyle, dress, or accessory as the Empress.

One woman accidentally wore the same item as the Empress and was lashed across the face for it. She made all of the court ladies cut patches out of their hair too, which they did "with tears in their eyes". According to historian Tamara Talbot Rice"Later in life her outbursts of anger were directed either against people who were thought to have endangered Russia's security or against women whose beauty rivalled her own".

Despite her volatile and often violent reactions to others regarding her appearance, Elizabeth was ebullient in most other matters, particularly when it came to court entertainment. It was reported that she threw two balls a week; one would be a large event with an average of guests in attendance, most of whom were the nation's leading merchants, members of the lower nobility and guards stationed in and around the city of the event.

The other ball was a much smaller affair reserved for her closest friends and members of the highest echelons of nobility. As she was tall and possessed a powerful body, male attire suited her". In the late s, Elizabeth's health started to decline. She suffered a series of dizzy spells and refused to take the medication she had been prescribed.

The Empress forbade the word "death" in her presence until [ 55 ] she suffered a stroke on 24 December O. Knowing that she was dying, Elizabeth used her last remaining strength to make her confession, to recite with her confessor the prayer for the dying, and to say farewell to the few people who wished to be with her, including Peter and Catherine and Counts Alexei and Kirill Razumovsky.

The Empress died the next day, Orthodox Christmas, It was said that she was beautiful in death as she had been in life. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Empress of Russia from to For women with similar names, see Empress Elisabeth disambiguation and Elizabeth of Russia disambiguation.

In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customsthe patronymic is Petrovna and the family name is Romanova. Portrait by Vigilius Eriksen Peter and Paul Cathedral. Early life [ edit ].

Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia: She is one of the

Childhood and teenage years [ edit ]. Marriage plans [ edit ]. Imperial coup [ edit ]. Reign [ edit ]. The Elizabeth portrait in Rostov museum. A Hermitage pavilion and an opera house were added to the compound in the s. InCatherine the Great moved her court to the newly built Winter Palaceeffectively sealing the fate of the older residence.

A year after her death inEmperor Paul who had been born there in ordered the dilapidated palace to be demolished and replaced it with a new residence, St. Michael's Castle. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Zwischen und bekehrte die Kanzlei laut den Akten Zahlreiche Moscheen wurden abgerissen. Neben den Moslems hatten besonders die Altorthodoxen unter starken Repressalien zu leiden und es kam zu zahlreichen rituellen Selbstverbrennungen.

Elisabeth und ihre Regierung waren an einer Expansion nach Westen interessiert, wobei ihr Augenmerk auf Lettland, und zwar Semgallen und das Herzogtum Kurland gerichtet war. Diese standen allerdings unter der Oberhoheit von Polen-Litauen. Am Es folgte am Genau zu dieser Zeit erlitt Elisabeth einen Schlaganfall und man erwartete ihren Tod.

Apraxin wurde verhaftet und des Verrates angeklagt, starb aber schon vor Beendigung des Verfahrens an einem Schlaganfall in Narwa. Zum Oberbefehlshaber der Truppen wurde General Saltykow ernannt. Die Schlachten von Kay am Juli jul. Juli greg. Doch waren die Verluste gewaltig. Dennoch besetzten russische Truppen vom September jul. Oktober greg.

Als besonders schweres Problem galt ihre Nachfolge. Elisabeths Neffe Peter Fjodorowitsch, den sie zu ihrem Nachfolger ernannt hatte, war oft krank. Elisabeth liebte ihren Neffen nicht, und seine politischen Ansichten entsprachen nicht den ihren, da er ein Bewunderer Friedrichs II. Elisabeth starb mit 52 Jahren, kurz nachdem sie eine allgemeine Amnestie erlassen hatte.

Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia: Elizabeth or Elizaveta Petrovna

Als Elisabethgrad war Kropywnyzkyj nach ihr benannt. Zum Dieser Artikel oder nachfolgende Abschnitt ist nicht hinreichend mit Belegen beispielsweise Einzelnachweisen ausgestattet. Nur zwei! Belege, einer zu einem Nebenaspekt, einer nur ein Link auf ein Digitalisat. Jugend [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Nel fu emanato un decreto per ampliare la rete delle scuole primarie.

Furono aperte le prime palestre: a Mosca e a Kazan' Nelsu iniziativa del favorito I. Lomonosov e ad altri rappresentanti della scienza e della cultura russa. Le ricerche di D. Vinogradov permisero di aprire nel la manifattura di porcellana vicino a San Pietroburgo. Enormi fondi furono stanziati dal tesoro per il miglioramento delle residenze reali.

Le residenze di Pietro sulle rive del Golfo di Finlandia - Strelna e Peterhof - furono completamente ricostruite. Costruzioni di tale portata non solo attirarono artigiani dall'estero in Russia, ma contribuirono anche allo sviluppo del personale artistico locale. Lo stile lussureggiante e importante degli edifici policromi di Rastrelli ha ricevuto nella storia dell'architettura il nome di barocco elisabettiano.

Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia: Elizabeth Petrovna (), daughter

Ottenne nuovi sbocchi commerciali ed industriali non solo grazie ai ricchi giacimenti degli Uralima anche alle vastissime risorse di legname presenti nella Finlandia meridionale e nella Siberia. Ma ad Elisabetta va principalmente il merito di aver ristabilito l'ordine interno dopo tanti colpi di stato e di aver ripulito la corte dagli intriganti principi stranieri presenti a San Pietroburgo, soprattutto il malvagio ed intrigante Bhurenamante di Anna Ivanovna.

Grande ammiratrice degli sfarzi della corte di Luigi XV con gli artisti e i letterati che vi davano lustro e nelle arti minori dell'avvenuta fondazione della manifattura di porcellana a Vincennes. Il grande evento degli ultimi anni di governo di Elisabetta fu la Guerra dei Sette anni. Elisabetta si oppose fervidamente al Trattato di Westminster 16 gennaiosecondo il quale Gran Bretagna e Prussia si accordavano per unire le proprie forze per opporsi all'entrata, o al passaggio, in Germania delle truppe di qualsiasi altra potenza stranierapur mantenendo la Gran Bretagna le precedenti convenzioni con la Russia.

Federico di Prussia venne risparmiato solo dal fatto che la guerra venne compromessa dalle gelosie createsi tra i comandanti russi e quelli austriaci sul come condurre le azioni militari.

Elizaveta petrovna wikipedia: Elizaveta Petrovna Glinka was

Tra l'altro fu proprio la malattia dell'Imperatrice russa, tra il e la fine dela intensificare una politica anti prussiana. Dal punto di vista russo, Elisabetta era colei che poneva la propria attenzione al bene della Russia e la sua determinazione contava sopra ogni cosa. Federico stesso era consapevole di questo rischio e delle problematiche che questa guerra aveva apportato alla situazione internazionale ed a quella del suo paese.

Il fallimento della campagna deldovuta all'inettitudine del Conte Buturlinindusse la corte di Versailles, la sera del 22 gennaioa presentare a San Pietroburgo un dispaccio secondo il quale il Re di Francia desiderava assolutamente la pace, anche per assicurare la situazione europea. La replica della Zarina venne fatta pervenire il 12 febbraio da due ambasciatori.

Elisabetta non intendeva cedere ad alcun trattato di pace sin quando l'iniziale progetto della lega anti prussiana non fosse stato completato. Il progetto segreto di Elisabetta era quello di riappacificare Francia e Gran Bretagna e quindi, con il loro appoggio, riversare il proprio esercito in Prussia. Egli concluse quindi un concordato a Parigi con i propri alleati per un concordato di pace, mentre proseguiva la guerra contro la Prussia.

La campagna del fu inutile quanto quella del Federico, comunque, si trovava ora agli sgoccioli. Spesso le due donne sono confuse in un'unica figura, tanto che, parallelamente alla leggenda dell'annegamento di Elisabetta nella fortezza dei Santi Pietro e Paolo, ne sorse un'altra che sosteneva che non fosse morta in prigione ma che, dopo un periodo di detenzione e la simulazione del decesso, fosse stata monacata a forza col nome di suor Dosifea.